14 Growing trees for Pole markets – Craig Norris, NCT’s Tree Farming Manager – Eucalypt varieties to plant E. grandis is the preferred species for pole production in South Africa. This species can be grown on sites from the coast up to 1100m, however, it is prone to frost and snow damage at higher elevations. E. grandis is also susceptible to several pests and diseases and in recent years hybrid clones have been developed that are suitable for pole markets, these are generally more resilient to climatic and biotic threats: E. grandis x E. urophylla (GU) hybrids are suitable for subtropical and warm temperate sites and generally produce good poles, they also coppice very well, and 2 stems/stumps can be left- for smalldiameter poles. E. grandis x E. nitens (GN) hybrids are suitable for cool temperate areas and certain clone varieties can be supplied to pole markets. Growers can consult with NCT staff or the seedling supplier regarding which varieties are preferred. E. Vruphilia x E. saligna (GS) and E. grandis x E. longirostrata (GL) hybrids can also be grown for pole production. The annual supply of timber to the South African pole market is estimated at 600 000m³ to 700 000m³. Wooden poles compete with steel and concrete in building, fencing, electricity, transmission and fixed telephone line applications. These poles are an important product for the establishment of fixed infrastructure and provide a niche market for timber farmers. However, pole markets tend to be erratic, and growers must be flexible in terms of felling dates and supply of different commodities. The two main markets to supply are building/fencing and transmission poles.
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